Summary of points

Notes on TERASOLUNA Batch 5.x

This is a summarized list of the rules and notes about using TERASOLUNA Batch 5.x that are explained in each section. Users should keep in mind the following points and proceed when developing a batch application.

Only the salient points are mentioned here instead of covering the entire consider material. Users should read the guideline of function to be used.

Rules and notes to be considered for batch process

Single batch process should be simplified and complex logical structures should be avoided.
Same operation should not be performed in multiple jobs over and over again.
Usage of system resources should be minimized, unnecessary physical I/O should be avoided and on-memory operations should be utilized.

Guidelines for TERASOLUNA Batch 5.x

Development of batch application
- Create as 1 job=1 Bean definition(1 job definition)
- Create as 1 step=1 batch process=1 business logic
Chunk model
- Use it for efficiently processing large amount of data.
Tasklet model
- Use for simple processing, processing that is hard to standardize, and to process data by single commit.
Synchronous job
- Use for starting a job as per the schedule and for batch processing by combining multiple jobs.
Asynchronous job(DB polling)
- Use for delayed process, continuous execution of job with short processing time and consolidation of large jobs.
Asynchronous job (Web container)
- Similar to DB polling. However, use when instantaneous start is required.
Management of JobRepository
- In Spring Batch, use JobRepository for recording start status and execution result of job.
- In TERASOLUNA Batch 5.x, persistence is optional if it corresponds to all the following.
  - Using TERASOLUNA Batch 5.x for executing synchronous job only.
  - All job execution management including stop, restart of job is assigned to the job scheduler.
    
    Do not use restart where the JobRepository possessed by Spring Batch is a prerequisite.
- When these are applicable, use H2 which is an in-memory and built-in database as an option of RDBMS used by JobRepository. On the other hand, when using asynchronous job or stop and restart by Spring Batch, RDBMS that can make the job execution status and result permanent, is required.
  For this point, Job management should also be read.

How to choose chunk model or tasklet model

Chunk model
- When you want to steadily process large amount of data
- When you want to restart based on the record count
Tasklet model
- When you want to make recovery as simple as possible
- When you want to consolidate the process contents

How to choose chunk model or tasklet model should also be read.

Unification of bean scope

In the Tasklet implementation, match with the scope of component to be Injected.
Composite type component matches with the scope of component to be delegated.
When using JobParameter, set to the scope of step.
If you want to save instance variables in Step unit, set to the scope of step.

Performance tuning points

Adjust chunk size
- When using Chunk, set the number of commits to an appropriate size. Do not increase the size too much.
Adjust fetch size
- In database access, set fetch size to an appropriate size. Do not increase the size too much.
Make file reading more efficient
- Provide a dedicated FieldSetMapper interface implementation.
Parallel process and multiple processes
- Implement by job scheduler.
Distributed processing
- Implement by job scheduler.

Asynchronous job (DB polling)

Usage of in-memory database
- It is not suitable for long-term continuous operation so it is desirable to restart it periodically.
- When it is to be used for long-term continuous operation, maintenance work such as periodically deleting data from JobRepository is required.
Narrow-down of registered job
- Specify the designed and implemented job based on asynchronous execution.
Mass processing of very short batch is not suitable since performance deterioration is possible.
Since parallel execution of the same job is possible, it is necessary to prevent the same job from affecting in parallel execution

Asynchronous job (Web container)

The basic consideration is same as Asynchronous job (DB polling).
Adjust thread pool.
- Apart from the thread pool of asynchronous execution, it is necessary to consider the request thread of the Web container and other applications operating within the same unit.
In Web and batch, you cannot cross-reference data source, MyBatis setting and Mapper interface.
Failure to start a job due to thread pool exhaustion cannot be captured at job start, so provide a means to confirm it separately.

Database access and transaction

"Use MyBatisBatchItemWriter in ItemWriter" and "Update reference using Mapper interface in ItemProcessor" cannot be done at the same time.
- There is a restriction in MyBatis of not executing with two or more ExecutorType in the same transaction. Refer to Database access of other than ItemReader/ItemWriter.
Notes on input/output of database to the same table
- As the result of losing the information that guarantees reading consistency due to output (issue of UPDATE), error may occur in the input (SELECT). Consider the following measures.
  - It depends on the database so, increase the area to secure the information.
  - Split the input data and perform multiple processing.

File access

When dealing with the following fixed-length file, be sure to use the component provided by TERASOLUNA Batch 5.x.
- Fixed-length file containing multibyte characters
- Fixed length file without line break
When skipping footer records, it is necessary to process with OS command.

Exclusive control

When multiple jobs are concurrently executed, design a job so that the exclusive control is not required.
- Resources to be accessed and processing targets should be split for each job.
Design in such a way that deadlocks are prevented from occurring.
File exclusive control should be implemented in the tasklet model.

Handling abnormal system

Do not perform transaction processing in exception handling.
Note that ChunkListener behaves differently by the process model.
- The exceptions generated by opening and closing the resources are
  - Chunk model: Not in the scope of catching by ChunkListener interface.
  - Tasklet model: In the scope of catching by ChunkListener interface.
Input check error cannot be recovered even by restarting unless the input resource that is the cause of check error is modified
How to cope when a failure occurs in JobRepository should be considered.

About ExecutionContext

Since ExecutionContext is stored in the JobRepository, there are following restrictions.
- The object to be stored in ExecutionContext should be the class that implements java.io.Serializable.
- There should be a limit in the size that can be stored.

Exit code

Exit code at the time of forced termination of Java process and the exit code of batch application are clearly distinguished.
- It is strictly prohibited to set the exit code of process to 1 by batch application.

Parallel processing and multiple processing

Do not use Multi Thread Step.
Depending on the processing content, be careful to possibility of resource contention and deadlock